You can make up for missed prayers. About prayer times and making up for missed prayers
Question from Ramili:
Assalyamu alaikum! Please tell me how to properly make up for missed morning prayers. I heard that morning prayer can only be reimbursed after sunrise before lunch, if it is for that day. And if a lot of morning prayers are missed, then how to make up for it correctly?
Performing prayer on time is called “eda”, and performing prayer after its time has expired is called “kaza”.
The Messenger of Allah (sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam) ordered the compensation of prayers that a person missed for a good reason, for example, oversleeping, or missed the prayer while unconscious.
In a hadith narrated from Anas (radiyallahu anhu), it is reported that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَي اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلَّمَ: إِذَا رَقَدَ أَحَدُكُمْ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ أَوْ غَفَلَ عَنْهَا فَلْيُصَلِّهَا إَذَا ذَكَرَهَا، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ يَقُولُ: وَ أَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِذِكْرِي
“Whoever sleeps through the prayer or misses it out of forgetfulness, let him perform it as soon as he remembers it. Since Allah Almighty says: “And perform prayer to remember Me”” (Muslim, Salat: 108, no. 1569, p. 279; Bukhari, Mawakit: 38, no. 597, p. 124; Abu Dawood, Salat : 11, No.: 442, p. 75; Ahmad ibn Hanbal, al-Musnad, No.: 10909, 20/255).
In the narration narrated by Ubada ibn Samit (radiyallahu anhu) it is reported that when the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was asked about kaffarah, for someone who forgot about prayer before sunrise or after sunset, he said:
عَنْ عِبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَي اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ سَلَّمَ عَنْ رَجُلٍ غَفَلَ عَنِ الصَّلَاةِ حَتَّى طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ أَوْ غَرَبَتْ مَا كَفَّارَتُهَا؟ قَالَ: يَتَقَرَّبُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ يُحْسِنُ وُضُوءَهُ وَ يُصَلِّي الصَّلَاةَ وَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ فَلَا كَفَّارَةَ لَهَا إِلَّا ذَلِكَ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ: وَ أَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِذِكْرِي
“He should try (spiritually) to get closer to Allah (through such deeds as sadaqah), do a proper ablution, make up for missed prayers, and ask Allah for forgiveness. There is no other kaffarat provided for besides this. Because truly, Allah said: “And perform prayer in order to remember Me”” (Taberani, al-Mujamul-Kabir, 18/157; Haysemi, Majmauz-zawaid, no.: 1809, 2/76).
The sunnah of the morning prayer is made up along with the fard, after the sun rises above the horizon and before noon. The sunnah and fard of the morning prayer are not reimbursed until full sunrise and after noon.
If the fard of the morning prayer was performed on time, and the sunnah of the morning prayer was missed, then, according to Imam Abu Hanifa and Imam Abu Yusuf (rahimahumallah), it is not reimbursed. And, according to Imam Muhammad (rahimahullah), the sunnah of the morning prayer can be completed after full sunrise and before noon.
If a person has a lot of kaza-namaz, then in this case, when reimbursing them, there is no need to determine which particular prayer it is. Because this presents a challenge. In this case, it is enough to make, for example, an intention to make up for the last missed morning prayer or the last missed midday prayer. Kaza-namaz can be performed at any time with the exception of those periods of time that are considered makruh, since they do not have a specific time for performance.
Question: Is it obligatory to make up for missed prayers?
Answer: Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds. Best blessings and fullest greetings to our master Muhammad, his family and all his companions. Further:
Muslim theologians are unanimous in their opinion, without any disagreement, that those who miss a prayer due to forgetfulness or oversleeping are obliged to make up for it. The noble hadith of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ says about this: “He who has slept through the prayer or missed it out of forgetfulness, let him read it when he remembers it!” . The hadith was reported by Imam Abu Dawud, may Allah be pleased with him.
من نام عن الصلاة أو نسيها فليصلها إذا ذكرها
In addition, there is no disagreement among Muslim theologians regarding the optionality of compensating fasts for women who missed them due to menstruation or postpartum discharge. It is sinful for such women to perform namaz, because the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Fatima, the daughter of Abu Hubaysh: “When your period begins, stop praying!” . The hadith was reported by Imam al-Bukhari.
إذا أقبلت الحيضة فدعي الصلاة
In addition, the words of the companion of the Prophet ﷺ Muazah, may Allah be pleased with her, are known, who said that she asked Aisha. “I asked: “Why does a woman make up for fasts, but not make up for prayers missed due to menstruation?” Aisha said: “Are you a Harurite?!” (Harura’ is the area of the Khawarijs; Aisha wanted to say with these words that there is no need to be too strict and complicate things like the Khawarijs). I said, “No, I just want to know.” Aisha said: “We were ordered to make up for fasts missed due to critical days, but we were not ordered to make up for prayers.”. The hadith was reported by Imam Muslim.
ولما روت معاذة قالت: سَأَلْتُ عَائِشَةَ فَقُلْتُ: مَا بَالُ الْحَائِضِ تَقْضِي الصَّوْمَ وَلَا تَقْضِي الصَّلَاةَ, فَقَالَتْ: (أَحَرُورِيَّةٌ أَنْتِ) ـ نسبة إلى حروراء موطن الخوارج, تريد أن تقول لها: أتتشددين كالخوارج ـ قُلْتُ: لَسْتُ بِحَرُورِيَّةٍ وَلَكِنِّي أَسْأَلُ, قَالَتْ: (كَانَ يُصِيبُنَا ذَلِكَ فَنُؤْمَرُ بِقَضَاءِ الصَّوْمِ وَلا نُؤْمَرُ بِقَضَاءِ الصَّلَاةِ) رواه مسلم .
As for those prayers that are missed intentionally, the overwhelming majority of the learned Hanafis, Malikis, Shafi'is and Malikis consider it obligatory to compensate for intentionally missed prayers, if they were missed not because of a denial of their obligatory nature. Since he who denies the obligation to read prayer becomes an apostate and infidel, may Allah Almighty warn us against this! He (who has become an apostate and infidel) does not have to make up for what he missed from the obligatory worship of Allah during the period of his apostasy, this is according to the Hanafi, Maliki and Hanbali scholars. And according to Shafi'i theologians, an apostate is obliged to make up for the obligatory worship he missed during the period of apostasy if he subsequently accepts Islam.
Almost all theologians argue that someone who deliberately misses an obligatory prayer, knowing and believing that it is obligatory, must make up for it. For the Messenger of Allah ﷺ obliged to compensate for the prayer even if he missed it out of forgetfulness or overslept, so what can we say about the one who missed it consciously, recognizing the obligatory nature of performing it (the prayer). And Allah knows best!
Ahmad Sharif an-Naasan, Mufti of al-Bab region, Syria
It so happened that I somehow moved away from Islam: I missed a lot of prayers, my behavior was not like that of a Muslim, etc. I don’t even know how it happened, which is why I forgot, but I never thought that I would stop praying. I want to improve now, but it’s not working, I think, tomorrow I’ll make up for all the prayers, and when tomorrow comes, I’ll reschedule it for the next day. How can I improve, where to start? What to do to strengthen iman?
According to one of the hadiths, namaz is the first thing for which he will be questioned on the Day of Judgment, and if everything goes well with him, if the person performed it regularly and in a timely manner, then interrogation on all other counts will be easy and, if Allah wishes, he will go to jail to Paradise. Another saying of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) says that prayer is the difference between a believer and an unbeliever. In general, there are a lot of hadiths telling about the importance and obligatory nature of prayer; what has been said is enough for a reasonable person to realize how great the importance of obligatory prayer is. Therefore, first of all, you need to pull yourself together and not delay the beginning of performing and repaying the prayer. Give yourself the word that, no matter what happens, you will not give up prayer, try to perform it regularly for at least 40 days. If you have observant friends in your circle, agree with them to go to the mosque together to perform namaz, so by spending more time with your friends, you will strengthen your relationship with them and will not miss prayer.
Along with this, read Islamic literature, in particular the lives of the Prophets (peace and blessings of Allah be upon them), companions, righteous people, and theologians. This greatly instills a love for religion.
Please tell me, if I overslept the morning prayer, should I perform it before the lunch prayer or after it?
A prayer missed for a good reason (if you overslept through no fault of your own, namely: went to bed on time, set an alarm, etc.) must be compensated and can be reimbursed in your free time, unlike a prayer missed without a valid reason. reasons, it must be reimbursed immediately! It is advisable to perform a missed prayer before a timely one, if this does not delay the time of the timely performance.
I have a small child, she is 1 year and 10 months old. Every time I do namaz, she stands in front of me, but I continue to do namaz. I wanted to know if such a prayer is considered valid?
As you know, one of the conditions for prayer is the cleanliness of the body, clothes and place of prayer, namely those places that you touch during prayer. Therefore, the fact that your child stood on the mat does not harm your prayer in any way. The hadiths say that when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) performed prayer, his grandchildren climbed onto it.
I am very concerned about one question. I am doing namaz. But many of my relatives have a misunderstanding of our religion, in connection with the current events. That’s why I don’t like to say among them that I generally pray; it’s easier for me to do it silently, so that no one knows. Sometimes they may say something bad about Islam, and I don't want to get into an argument with them. It may be wrong to think so, but I have the impression that they can no longer be convinced. Isn’t my silence, because I don’t defend religion, considered “betrayal” towards it? And what to do in such situations?
Unfortunately, about 70 years of communism have done their job, in part they managed to lead some Muslims away from observing the norms of Islam. First of all, you need to work in terms of educating your relatives. Answer their questions gently and diplomatically, buy several books about Islam and CDs with sermons by theologians, in particular on the topic of obligatory prayer. But the biggest appeal will be your good character and good attitude towards them. Do not look at anything, do not abandon the obligatory prayer, observe it regularly and in a timely manner. If you hear something inappropriate from them, correct them, explain to them, but in order for you to do this, you yourself need to study Islam, the wisdom of performing prayer, etc.
I study at a military institute, we are not allowed to pray. What to do?
First, go to the teacher (officer, commander) and try to explain to him the situation, namely, the importance of prayer for a believer. I think (I really hope) that if you present it properly, they will understand and allow it. If suddenly they don’t allow it, go to the most important thing and try to explain to him. If you fail here, contact a good lawyer and think about filing a lawsuit and achieving the right, first of all, granted to you by the Constitution of our country - to freely practice your religion!
Is it possible to perform sunnah (namaz or fasting) if there are unreimbursed duties - fard? For example, when arriving at the mosque, is it better to make up for the missed prayer or is it advisable to perform a welcome prayer of 2 rak'ahs?
According to the Shafi'i madhhab (legal school), one who has missed obligatory prayers cannot perform the desired ones, with the exception of those that are performed only a few times during the year, such as the holiday prayers of Eid al-Adha and Eid al-Adha and Eid al-fitr). For failure to perform the desired prayers, you will not be asked to do so on the Day of Judgment, unlike the obligatory ones. Therefore, it is logical and necessary, when entering a mosque, to perform the missed prayer instead of the greeting prayer, especially since the greeting prayer is replaced by any other prayer. In other words, if a person, upon entering the mosque, performs any prayer, he receives reward for performing the greeting prayer.
How to pronounce the intention to make up for Farz prayer? Are there any conditions to make up for missed Friday prayers?
The intention is made as follows, for example, to make up for the lunch prayer: “I intend to make up for the obligatory 4-rak’at lunch prayer I missed for the sake of Allah.” Accordingly, if the morning prayer is reimbursed, then replace the word “lunch” with “morning”, and “4 rakats” with “2 rakats”, similarly with other prayers.
Missed Friday prayers are not made up; lunch prayers are performed instead, as timely ones, if the prayer time has not yet expired. If the time for lunch prayer has already expired, then you need to make up the lunch prayer as missed.
I had an operation and stitches, which will be removed only after 2 weeks, and I need to take a mandatory bath to perform namaz and fast, but because of the stitches I cannot wet the wound. I don’t want to miss prayer and fasting. What should I do?
In cases where it is impossible to perform ritual ablution or bathing, you need to do cleansing with earth and dust (tayammum). You can read more by following these links:
My husband reads al-Fatihah and some surahs with errors, but better than me. What would be better in this case: to perform namaz collectively or separately? Because of this, we have disputes.
If you and your husband have the same mistakes (one to one), you can perform namaz collectively. However, if your husband makes mistakes other than the ones you make, you will not be able to perform jamaat prayer and will have to pray separately or look for another imam for both of you who can correctly read Surah al-Fatihah.
I have debt prayers for 4 years, what intention should I do at Tarawih prayers: For debt prayers or for Tarawih prayers?
You need to make an intention to repay the debt prayers, since it is for them that you will be demanded on the Day of Judgment, and not for the desired prayers, such as the Tarawih prayer.
During the month of Ramadan, I get up every night and do tahajjud prayers. I recently learned that namaz-tahajjud turns into fard if you perform it once. Please tell me, is this true? If I can’t do it every night, is it undesirable to do it?
The Sunnah does not become farz, however, it is condemned to abandon constantly performed worship.
After gastric surgery I have constant flatulence, i.e. the release of gases from the intestines, which causes me huge problems, including when performing namaz. Ablution is broken during prayer. How should I deal with prayer?
Always wait until the time for prayer and perform ablution immediately before performing the prayer. If you wait for the azan (or the scheduled prayer time), perform ablution and immediately begin reading the prayer, the prayer will be valid, despite the fact that during its performance there will be involuntary release of gas.
I wanted to clarify something: is prayer required for a person after 15 years or after puberty?
According to the Shafi'i madhhab, prayer is obligatory after puberty. Signs of the onset of puberty are: hair growth in the armpits and groin areas, wet dreams, and in girls - the appearance of menstrual flow. If there are no menstruation or wet dreams, then puberty occurs when the child reaches 15 years of age according to the lunar calendar.
Is it possible to perform namaz during azan?
It is possible, but it is advisable to wait until it is completed and perform the prayer afterwards.
Is it possible to perform namaz if the time for namaz has come, but the adhan has not been read?
It is possible, since one of the conditions for prayer is the arrival of its time, and not the announcement of it, which is what adhan is.
If I didn’t have time to do my morning prayers on time, and it’s already light outside, what should I do?
Do it when you wake up, the sooner the better.
Is prayer accepted for a person who has a tattoo on his body?
In the book “Ianat at-Talibin” it is written: “It is obligatory to remove your (tattoo and make-up) if such damage to the skin is not caused that you will have to do tayammum. Otherwise, there is no need to remove the tattoo.” The book “Bujairimi” says: “If yours was inflicted before adulthood, then there is no obligation to remove it. In cases where a person is obliged to remove a tattoo, leaving it is not forgiven, and the prayer performed with it is not considered valid” “Ianat at-Talibin”, (No. 4/55).
Please tell me, after a miscarriage, women experience bleeding for some time. Is it necessary to perform a full ablution after it and is it necessary to make up for all missed prayers during this time?
After the end of postpartum discharge, it is imperative to swim with the appropriate intention. Prayers missed during this period of time do not need to be compensated.
Have you ever wondered how you will return and make up for all the missed fards? Have you thought about what consequences might be expected for this on the Day of Judgment?
In the Quran, Allah Almighty said: “Verily, prayer is prescribed for believers at a certain time.”
All obligatory prayers, as prescribed by Allah Almighty, must be performed within a certain period of time. If for any reason the namaz is not performed at its prescribed time, it must be performed as soon as possible, observing the rules for performing kaza-namaz. Completing prayers not completed on time is obligatory, as are the five-time prayers themselves.
There is no sin in the fact that a person missed prayer with a good reason, such as oversleeping or forgetting due to emergency circumstances. But there is a need to make up for missed prayers, regardless of whether it was missed for a valid reason or not.
Anas ibn Malik reported that the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said: “Whoever forgets the obligatory prayer, let him perform it when he remembers. There is no atonement for sin except this.”
Regarding making up for missed fard prayers or fasting, there are certain rules that apply to both. For example, kaza morning prayer cannot be performed during sunrise. Namaz can be performed 15-20 minutes after full sunrise.
It is also prohibited to perform kaza prayers at a time when any prayers are prohibited (sunset, zenith). Kaza-namaz can be performed at any time, regardless of when a certain prayer should have been performed, for example, if due to forgetfulness or other circumstances you missed the period of morning prayer, then you should not wait until the morning of the next day, you should perform it immediately after noon .
The same details apply to all other obligatory prayers. Only missed fard prayers can be made up. First, the missed prayer is performed, then the one that is due on time. It is advisable to perform replenishment prayers before morning, before or after midday, before afternoon, after evening and before or after night prayers.
If a person performed namaz, but then it turned out that his time had expired, then in this case there is no need to perform kaza-namaz.
Performing kaza namaz means striving for the mercy of Allah, while neglecting them only harms the Muslim:
What brought you to the Underworld? What brought you to the Underworld?" (74:42-43).
Allah said, “These are the ones who are patient and trust only in their Lord.”
Regarding performing prayer on time, once the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked what the best act of a Muslim is. He replied: “Obligatory prayers, performed perfectly and at the time specified for each of them.”
Section on missed prayers:
We discussed the abandonment of prayers and the punishment in the next world for those who neglect them in previous articles, from which it followed that abandoning prayers or neglecting them is categorically not permitted according to Sharia. Now we will talk about the punishments that people who abandoned prayers will be subjected to in this world.
Regarding a person who deliberately leaves prayer, there are different opinions of imams, some even say that he falls into disbelief regardless of the fact that he left it, recognizing or not recognizing it, while others say that this point needs to be clarified, whether he left prayer, without recognizing his duty or because of his laziness. According to the Shafi'i madhhab, a person does not leave religion by abandoning prayer if he does not deny its obligatory nature or does not belittle its dignity, but left it out of laziness. But in any case, he will not escape punishment unless he repents and makes up for everything, and he will be executed at the end of the time for performing prayers or the time for performing some of them together. For example, if a person left the lunch prayer, then he will be executed after sunset, since lunch and afternoon prayers are in some cases performed together. And if the prayer he left is for the morning, then at sunrise.
Note:
It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that a person will not be punished for leaving the prayer if during the time of this prayer no one asked him to perform it, and if he was not threatened by the imam or his deputy that if he does not perform the prayer, he will be punished when the time of this prayer has expired. The imam or his deputy has this right.
He is buried as a Muslim with full honors. It is advisable to ask such a person to repent and return the prayer. And if he left the prayer, renouncing it, not recognizing his obligation, then he is executed as an infidel and is also not buried in Muslim cemeteries, since he leaves Islam due to neglect of the most important of its components. But such a decision is not carried out immediately, but only after three days of putting him under arrest and giving him the opportunity to think about what he had done. Nowadays, such sanctions against those who leave prayers are applied in some Arab countries. But a person must know and understand that by leaving prayer he becomes sentenced to death, whether it is carried out or not. In many non-Muslim countries, Muslims do not practice these decisions, since each country has its own charter and its own laws.
If prayers are left without a reason, then you need to immediately begin to make up for it and devote all your time to this, with the exception of the time necessary for vital moments: eating, drinking, and the like. Such a person is prohibited from performing the desired prayers until he makes up for the missed obligatory ones.
And anyone who missed prayer due to sleep or forgetfulness immediately makes up for it in the desired manner. Reimbursement of prayers should be made immediately before the timely ones. This is the procedure for making up for missed prayers.
Prayers missed without reason must be made up before those missed for a specific reason. But, if everything is missed, for no reason or with a reason, then it is advisable to follow the following order when making a refund, for example: make up for the morning before lunch, and so on.
Muhammad Khalikov
Teacher at the Dagestan Theological Institute named after. Said-afandi
